4 Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), commonly referred to as a concussion, is one of the most prevalent yet least understood neurological conditions. Despite being termed “mild,” the effects of mTBI can be profound, affecting cognitive function, emotional well-being, and overall quality of life. Traditional diagnostic methods often fall short in identifying the subtle yet…
5 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently results in cognitive impairments and asthenia (chronic fatigue), which can severely impact daily life. Recent advances in treatment focus on using nootropic and neuroprotective agents to address these challenges. These treatments significantly enhance cognitive functions like memory, attention, and motivation while reducing emotional instability. After four weeks of therapy,…
5 Caffeine appears to have a complex relationship with concussion recovery and post-concussion syndrome (PCS). Based on the available research, here are some key points about the role of caffeine in recovery from PCS: Potential Benefits Caffeine may provide some cognitive benefits during recovery, including improvements in: Visual processing speed Reaction time Memory[2] A study…
4 Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), commonly known as a concussion, has been increasingly studied for its potential long-term effects on cognitive health, including the risk of developing dementia. Here is a comprehensive overview of the current understanding based on recent research. Increased Risk of Dementia Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: A systematic review and meta-analysis…
4 Concussions and post-concussion symptoms have far-reaching effects on the brain, particularly in how it processes and integrates sensory information. Our central nervous system relies on internal models to represent our body, actions, environment, and the consequences of our actions. The cerebellum plays a pivotal role in integrating multisensory information, which is essential for updating…
9 The Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) is a widely utilized neurocognitive test designed to assist clinicians in the assessment and management of concussions. Given its comprehensive approach to evaluating cognitive functions and symptomatology, the ImPACT test is also instrumental in differentiating between concussion-related symptoms, psychological conditions, and potential malingering. This article explores…
2 The relationship between blood biomarkers and clinical recovery in concussion, particularly mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a complex and evolving field. Blood biomarkers have shown promise in aiding diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring recovery, but several challenges and limitations remain. Key Blood Biomarkers S100B: This protein is widely studied and included in Scandinavian and…
5 Foreign accent syndrome (FAS) is a rare speech disorder characterized by the emergence of a new, seemingly foreign accent in a person’s native language. The search results provide insights into FAS occurring in functional neurological disorders and after mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs). FAS in Functional Neurological Disorders Several search results [1][4][7] indicate that…
4 Functional Neurological Disorders (FND) are complex conditions where patients exhibit neurological symptoms that are not explained by traditional organic brain disease. Misdiagnosis in FND is a significant issue due to the overlapping symptoms with other neurological and psychiatric conditions, leading to challenges in accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Challenges in Diagnosis FND symptoms often…
54 Functions of the Olfactory Nerve The primary function of the olfactory nerve is to convey sensory information related to smell from the nasal cavity to the brain. This process begins when odorant molecules bind to receptors on the olfactory sensory neurons located in the olfactory epithelium. Each olfactory neuron expresses only one type of…