General

Functional symptoms are phenomena that manifest when psychological distress is expressed through physical sensations in the body, often without a discernible organic cause. These symptoms can be as debilitating as those stemming from physical illnesses but are grounded in the psychological turmoil that follows traumatic experiences, such as an assault….

Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) represents a condition at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry, characterised by a disruption of normal neurological functioning. Unlike traditional neurological disorders, FND manifests without a clear structural or pathophysiological origin identifiable through conventional diagnostic methods such as MRI or CT scans. This condition is often…

Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a complex condition characterised by neurological symptoms that cannot be attributed to a specific organic cause. These symptoms can encompass a wide range of presentations, including motor, sensory, and cognitive impairments, which can mimic other neurological conditions but lack a clear structural or pathophysiological basis….

Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) represent two distinct entities within the realm of neurological conditions, yet they often exhibit similar clinical presentations, leading to frequent misdiagnoses and management challenges. FND is characterised by neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by conventional organic aetiologies, and it…

Functional weakness, also termed as functional neurological symptom disorder (FND), represents a condition where patients experience genuine motor or sensory function impairments that are not attributable to established neurological diseases. This phenomenon often involves symptoms such as limb weakness, paralysis, or coordination problems that suggest a neurological basis but lack…

Functional Neurological Disorder (FND), also known as conversion disorder, represents a complex condition marked by neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by traditional medical tests. Patients may exhibit a myriad of symptoms such as limb weakness, tremors, gait abnormalities, and non-epileptic seizures. One of the distinctive features of FND is…

Functional neurological disorders (FND) represent a complex array of conditions with neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by traditional neurological disease or damage. These disorders are characterised by symptoms such as limb weakness, tremors, and nonepileptic seizures, which can significantly impair a patient’s quality of life. Unlike conditions with identifiable…

Functional visual symptoms are disturbances in vision that cannot be explained by structural abnormalities or identifiable neurological damage. These symptoms arise from the way the brain processes visual information, despite normal eye function and healthy visual pathways. Individuals experiencing these symptoms often report problems such as blurred vision, double vision,…

Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) is a complex condition characterised by neurological symptoms that cannot be attributed to any identifiable structural neurological disease. These symptoms, which may include motor dysfunction, sensory disturbances, and seizures, present a significant challenge to clinicians due to their elusive nature. Unlike traditional neurological disorders where structural…

Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) is a complex condition characterised by neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by traditional medical conditions or structural neurological dysfunction. These symptoms can include limb weakness, seizures, tremors, abnormal gait, and sensory disturbances. Unlike other neurological disorders, FND is thought to arise from a problem with…